Gem Guide

Ratna-Dweepa · The Island of Gems

A History Written in Stone

few places on Earth have been mined for as long — or given the world as many legends

c. 500 BCE

Ratna-Dweepa — the island of gems

Sanskrit traders name the island for its stones. Sinhalese chronicles record gem tribute to kings, and legend places the gem trade at the court of King Solomon, who is said to have wooed the Queen of Sheba with a Ceylon ruby.

2nd century CE

Rome buys Ceylon sapphire

Ptolemy's geography notes the island's beryl and sapphire; Roman trade routes carry Ceylon stones west across the Indian Ocean.

1292

Marco Polo's account

"The island of Seilan produces more beautiful and valuable rubies than are found in any other part of the world… and sapphires the finest and biggest."

1505–1815

Colonial gem rush

Portuguese, Dutch, and British administrations successively control the gem trade of Ratnapura — literally "the city of gems" — whose alluvial deposits are still worked by hand today.

1926

The Blue Belle of Asia

A 392-carat sapphire is unearthed near Pelmadulla. Nine decades later it sells for over US$17 million — still the world-record price for a sapphire at auction.

1981

A Ceylon sapphire for a princess

Lady Diana Spencer chooses a 12-carat Ceylon blue sapphire engagement ring; it is now worn by Catherine, Princess of Wales — perhaps the most famous gem in the world.

The story continues — one stone at a time.

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